Yunnan takes precautions as wandering elephant herd marches north

-- In a rare migration, 15 wild elephants trudged 500 km in southwest China's Yunnan Province, passing through several counties and occasionally wandering into villages and towns to cause panic.

-- The herd is now approaching Kunming, the provincial capital. Wildlife authorities have established an on-site command center to monitor their movements 24 hours a day and prevent them from entering densely populated areas by creating barriers and using food as bait.

-- Experts said the wild elephant population has been growing in China thanks to enhanced protection, but expanding forests also reduced the food supply for the endangered mammals and increasingly drove them out of their habitats to search for food.

Aerial photo taken on May 28, 2021, shows the herd of wandering wild Asian elephants in Eshan County, Yuxi City, southwest China's Yunnan Province. (Xinhua/Hu Chao)

by Xinhua Writers Yao Yuan and Zhao Peiran

A herd of wild Asian elephants is approaching Kunming, capital of Yunnan Province, after trampling crop fields and wandering evacuated streets on a 500-km on-foot journey.

No one knows exactly why the 15 elephants traveled all the way from their forest home in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan, but authorities have mobilized thousands of people to monitor their migration, suspend traffic on roads they marched on and use food to lure them away from human settlements.

The provincial bureau of forestry and grassland said Tuesday that the herd was in the city of Yuxi, only 20 km from Kunming, a city of 7 million people.

The bureau has reminded the government of Kunming to issue timely warnings and take comprehensive precautions. The city has sent staff to Yuxi to learn monitor and intervention measures.

Monitoring images show the herd includes six female adults, three male adults, three sub-adults and three calves.

Aerial photo taken on May 28, 2021, shows the herd of wandering wild Asian elephants in Eshan County, Yuxi City, southwest China's Yunnan Province. (Xinhua/Hu Chao)

WHERE ARE THEY GOING?

There were initially 16 elephants in the herd, which left their nature reserve last year to roam in nearby counties under the city of Pu'er. One adult elephant dropped out and two were born in the journey, according to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration.

Officials became alert in April when the 17-member herd turned north to visit Yuanjiang County under the city of Yuxi. Another two adults left the herd for home while the rest continued to travel north.

On the evening of May 27, they came upon the town of Eshan and walked the streets for six hours after authorities evacuated pedestrians and vehicles and warned residents to stay indoors.

On Monday, the endangered mammals were seen in the Hongta District of Yuxi, where authorities established an on-site command center to monitor their movements 24 hours a day and prevent them from entering densely populated areas by creating barriers and using food as bait.

More than 360 people, 76 police cars and dirt trucks and nine drones were mobilized, and 18 tonnes of elephant food has been prepared, according to the command.

No casualties have been reported so far.

Aerial photo taken on May 28, 2021, shows the herd of wandering wild Asian elephants in Eshan County, Yuxi City, southwest China's Yunnan Province. (Xinhua/Hu Chao)

Chen Mingyong, an Asian elephant expert with Yunnan University, said it was the first time that China recorded such a long-distance northward migration of wild elephants.

"Migration of Asian elephants is common, but it usually happens between several habitats in a certain area. It is very rare for them to travel such a distance to the north," Chen said.

"We can't tell what their destination is," he said, suggesting that the migration might not even have a destination. "It is possible that the chief of the herd lacks experience and led the whole group astray."

So far, the giant creatures have wreaked havoc in 412 cases, damaging 56 hectares of farmland in the counties of Yuanjiang and Shiping alone, incurring direct economic losses of about 6.8 million yuan (1.1 million U.S. dollars).

Several trucks block the road to an urban area where the herd of wandering wild Asian elephants might travel to in Luohe Township of Hongta District, Yuxi City, southwest China's Yunnan Province, May 31, 2021. (Xinhua/Hu Chao)

ELEPHANT-HUMAN CONFLICT

Asian elephants are under A-level state protection in China, where they are mostly found in Yunnan. Thanks to enhanced protection, the wild elephant population in the province has grown to about 300, up from 193 in the 1980s.

The growing density of forests, another result of the eco-environment recovery, however, reduced the food supply for the elephants and increasingly drove them out of their habitats to search for food.

Wild elephants mainly feed on understory plants such as wild bananas, which have gradually been replaced by non-edible woody plants amid forest expansion, said Xiang Ruwu, a wildlife official with the bureau.

In recent years, there are growing reports of wild elephants roaming into villages and plundering farm crops.

A staff member uses a drone to track and monitor the wild Asian elephants in Hongta District, Yuxi City, southwest China's Yunnan Province, June 1, 2021. (Xinhua/Hu Chao)

The province, known as the "kingdom of wildlife," has taken a raft of measures to soothe human-elephant conflict, including setting aside land to grow the elephants' favorite foods, indemnifying villagers against wildlife damages and setting up an alert system.

How to cater to the latest "elephant tour," however, has proved particularly challenging.

"For these 15 elephants, all we can do at present is to issue early warnings and evacuate residents in time to minimize losses," said Chen, adding that as the herd showed signs of moving further northward, there is a need for continuous studying and monitoring.

(Video reporters: Sun Min, Zhao Peiran and Hu Chao; Video editor: Peng Ying) ■